92 avery's own farrier. 



lancet, the fleam being the most common instrument in 

 use, and the safest, in unexperienced hands. However, 

 the spring fleam is preferable to any other instrument for 

 this purpose, especially for general bleeding. It is so 

 constructed that it may be set so as to cut any desirable 

 depth, to suit a thick or a thin skin, while it obviates all 

 difficulties arising from the vein rolling, by the animal's 

 starting, &c. And then you can dispense with the blood 

 stick and blindfolding altogether, and the incision is 

 made with more certainty. When inflammation rages, 

 whether it be local or general, and we can not lower the 

 circulation by giving medicine, bathing or sweating (as 

 in the human), from one to four quarts of blood may be 

 taken with safety, but not more than about one gallon 

 should be taken at once, unless in extreme cases, and it 

 should be made to run freely. For general bleeding, the 

 neck vein, or jugular, may be selected (it being the most 

 convenient), about two or three inches below the union 

 of the two portions of the jugular at the angle of the 

 jaw. The incision should be made in a straight line 

 with the artery, and care should be taken not to cut 

 through the opposite side from which you make the in- 

 cision; after bleeding, equal care should be observed to 

 bring the margins of the wound together without pulling 

 the skin out so as to leave a space for the blood to fill, 

 which is sometimes attended with bad consequences. 

 Put a sharp pin through the centre of the wound, and 

 close to the edge of the skin, then wind around the in- 

 side of this, tow or hair from the mane sufficient to stop 

 the blood; bathe the parts with cold water, and when 

 united sufficiently, withdraw the pin. 



