106 avery's own farrier. 



the year, and the animal requires better keeping in 

 order to perform his usual work, and supply the growth 

 of new hair. And then it is that he is generally most 

 neglected; he will be seen to sweat and be easily over- 

 done if worked. Clipping the superfluous hair at this 

 time, has been thought by some to be beneficial. But 

 these things are very little heeded by the farmer, who 

 wishes to have his horses live by grazing as late in au- 

 tumn as possible, in order to save fodder; and he allows 

 them to run out late in cold and pinching weather. 

 This, undoubtedly, is the most fruitful cause of mange, 

 and, when once established in the field, is carried from 

 thence to the stable; there they are crowded together, 

 often rubbing and biting each other; and if the same 

 card and brush is used on one that is affected with mange 

 and then on one that is not, he will be most likely to 

 become infected with it. For after the hair begins to 

 slip otf from the pimples, a sort of matter oozes from 

 them; and then, and not till then, is this disease conta- 

 gious; but whenever this matter comes in contact with 

 the skin of the horse that is in health, it will produce a 

 like disease. I think it quite probable, that where it 

 happens to fall on the delicate membrane covering the 

 inside of the nostrils, as it may from their aptitude to be 

 nibbling and biting each other, tliiit it may sometimes be 

 the first steps towards laying the foundation of that ter- 

 rible and so often fatal disease, real farcy and glanders. 

 Symptoms of mange are as follows: the coal is rough, 

 then follows a breaking out, commencing about the neck 

 and back of the animal, and finally spreading nearly over 

 the body, appearing like blotches or little round pimples 



