260 avery's own farrier, 



the horse's sides, by an inebriate rider, in a gore of 

 blood. 



A horse is easily alarmed, for he will even start from 

 the hand that is going to caress him; therefore he should 

 not be forced to that which he dislikes. But when a 

 horse curvets irregularly, twisting his body to and fro, 

 turn his head either to the right or left, or both alter- 

 nately, but without letting him move out of his tracks, 

 if possible to prevent him; for if he once gains his end, 

 he will be likely to repeat that which has foiled his 

 rider. Therefore when a horse shies or is frightened at 

 any object, he should be used to some tone of voice which 

 he may understand as an expression of dislike of what 

 he is doing, for all horses will show at times a spirit of 

 of opposition, and especially if not properly subdued 

 while being broke in; so when a horse shys, turn his 

 head from the object that scares him (this is also appli- 

 cable in driving) and press your leg to the opposite 

 side from which he is expected to jump; then he will not 

 spring on his hind legs to that side, because your leg 

 prevents him from so doing; nor will he attempt to 

 spring the other way, because his head is turned from 

 the object of his fright; and a horse does not start and 

 spring the way he looks. 



The bridle is not the only power to govern the horse's 

 movements; for instance, if the left spur touch him, and 

 he is at the same time prevented from going forward, he 

 has a sign given him that he will soon understand, to 

 move sideways to the right. In the same manner he 

 moves to the left, if the right spur js close to him; and 

 afterwards, from fear of the spur, he will obey the touch 



