130 



NEW YORK, N. Y. 



Gedney's Channel . . 23 27.8 



Swash Channel 17 21.8 



Old South Channel 21 25.8 



Main Ship Channel, passing Sandy Hook, to S. W. Spit Buoy 31 35.8 

 Main Ship Channel, after passing S. W. Spit Buoy on N. E. 



Course, one mile up the bay for New York 23 27.8 



The depth of water inside of Winter Island, in Salem 

 Harbor, is considerably greater than opposite the Neck. 



Taking all things into consideration, such as protection 

 from the force of the sea. by Islands, the Northern shore, 

 and Naugus Head ; freedom from liability to change in 

 the channels (the bottom being hard and the shores rocky, 

 without shifting sands) : accessibility from and to the 

 open sea, and all the local advantages of the position, 

 why is not Salem a desirable place for a naval as well as 

 a military station? As such it was strongly recom- 

 mended by Dr. Bentley more than half a century ago. 



BOWDITCH'S LEDGE. 



This ledge did not derive its name from Dr. Nathaniel 

 Bowditch, as is generally supposed, but from his great- 

 grandfather, William, born in 1C63, died in 1728. He 

 was the son of William who was Collector of the port 

 of Salem under tl/e Colonial government born 1640, 

 died 1681. The son William was a shipmaster and mer- 

 chant. About the year 1700 he commanded the vessel 

 called the Essex Galley, which struck upon this ledge, 

 and hence the name Bowditch's Ledge. The Indian des- 

 ignation was Tenapoo, and as such it has been known to 

 the pilots of our day. 



A RELIC OF DR. BOWDITCH. 



There is preserved in the Salem Custom House a Mani- 

 fest of the cargo laden on board the Ship Putnam, whereof 



