83 



other places Rockport, Mr. Frank Lufkin; Georgetown, Mrs. Homer. 

 The stems are sometimes half an inch in diameter, the plants often 

 being three or four feet high. 



Rubus odoratus, L. (PURPLE FLOWERING RASPBERRY.) Many 

 persons suppose that because this plant is so common in old gardens 

 that it is not a native shrub, yet it was known to Higginson, who 

 mentions it as growing near Salem, in a locality without doubt still in 

 existence. This species is not uncommon in various parts of the 

 county. 



Rubus triflorus, Richardson. (DWARF RASPBERRY.) Danvers, 

 probably in other localities. It is a vine of little consequence, without 

 prickles. The stems are of annual growth. 



Rubus strigosus, Michx. (WILD RED RASPBERRY.) Very com- 

 mon. The fruit much marketed. 



Rubus occidentalis, L. (THIMBLEBERRY.) Not so common as 

 last, the fruit less esteemed. 



Rubus villosus, Ait. (HIGH BLACKBERRY.) Very abundant, the 

 fruit much in demand. This species varies much. A small form with 

 berries of a poorer quality is found in Danvers, and other forms 

 almost connect it, as Gray states, with 



Rubus Canadensis, L. (Low BLACKBERRY, DEWBERRY), which 

 is quite common in all parts, with a delicious berry preferable to that 

 of R. villosus. 



Rubus hispidus, L. (RUNNING SWAMP-BLACKBERRY.) Although 

 this does not always grow in swamps, yet it is sometimes found there. 

 The fruit is of no value, and the vines are very troublesome to pedes- 

 trians. 



Rosa Carolina, L. (SWAMP ROSE.) Very common in Beverly, 

 Gloucester, etc. 



Rosa lucida, Ehrhart. (COMMON WILD ROSE.) This varies 

 much in the color of the flowers. Very common in all parts. 



ROSA RUBIGINOSA, L. (SWEET BRIER.) Escaped from old gardens 

 and become thoroughly naturalized. It is difficult to distinguish this 

 species from 



ROSA MICRANTHA, Smith. (SMALL SWEET BRIER), which is now 

 and then found. * 



ROSA CINNAMOMEA (CINNAMON ROSE). Common in old gardens, 

 and sometimes found escaped. Many foreign roses are of course 

 hardy in gardens. Those of the Hybrid-perpetual varieties require 

 protection during winter. 



CRAT.EGUS OXYCANTHA, L. (ENGLISH HAWTHORNE.) Some fine 

 trees of this species, according to Tracy, are found in Saugus, where 

 they have made themselves quite at home. This tree is often met 

 with in cultivation. 



