97 



In company with Mr. Wm. Merrill and Mr. "W. P. Conant, two trees 

 of this species growing upon moist, loamy soil at West Newbury, on 

 land of Mr. Sawyer, measured, 



(1) Circumference 15 feet 10 inches, 2 feet from ground. 



it u u 9 6 , < 



Spread 84 feet. 



(2) Circumference 16 feet 1 inch, 2J " " / " 



" 11 " 8 inches, 6 " " " 



Quercus bicolor, Willd. (SWAMP WHITE OAK.) Abundant on 

 wet land in all parts of the county. 



Emerson mentions one on the land of Mr. Jaquith, of Newbury, 

 which in 1839 measured 12 feet 1 inch in circumference at 4 feet from 

 the ground. One measured by Mr. Merrill and the writer on the 

 Sawyer place, was 11 feet 7 inches at 3 feet from the ground, and one 

 in Wenham Swamp near the Ipswich River, measured in 1876, was 8 

 feet 4 inches at 6 feet from the ground. The leaves of this species 

 vary much in shape, cutting, and regarding the tomentum on the 

 underside. Dr. Chas Pickering informed the writer that the frame of 

 the old Pickering mansion in Salem, was hewn from Swamp White 

 Oaks, which then (1650) grew in the vicinity. 



Quercus Prinus, L. (CHESTNUT OAK.) This species is rare in 

 the county, only yet having been reported in Georgetown, Mrs. 

 Horner, and Boxford. It is probable all the trees yet noticed should 

 be referred to the variety acuminata, Michx. (Q. Castanea, Muhl.) 

 There are some quite interesting forms of this species growing in the 

 county, which require more careful observation in their various stages 

 of growth. The largest tree yet noticed was but 5 inches in diameter 

 4 feet from the ground. 



Quercus prmoides, Willd. (CHINQUAPIN OAK.) Common in 

 Topsfleld, Boxford, etc., but not seen in the southern or eastern parts 

 of the county. This species is never more than a tall shrub. 



Quercus ilicifolia, Wang. (BEAR OAK. SCRUB OAK.) Common 

 on poor soil, in Lynnfleld, Danvers, Topsfield, and that neighbor- 

 hood, and to be found in many other parts of the county. Although 

 this is rarely more than a shrub it sometimes takes the tree form, 

 growing 20 feet high, with a trunk 4 inches in diameter. The fruit 

 varies considerably in appearance, suggesting the idea of hybrids. 

 The late Dr. Bobbins describes a hybrid between this species and the 

 Black Oak, which he found at Northbridge, Mass. The leaves also 

 vary much in shape and cutting. 



Quercus coccinea, Wang. (SCARLET OAK.) Abundant, but 

 rarely growing to the size of the Yellow-barked or Black Oak. 



Var. tinctoria (Q. tinctoria, Bartram), which is found sometimes 3 

 feet in diameter and 70 feet high. Q. coccinea has the most beautiful 



