105 



ABIES EXCELSA (NORWAY SPRUCE), Is very extensively cultivated, 

 and occasionally ABIES BALSAMEA (BALSAM FIR), is used as an 

 ornamental tree, but the latter does not flourish well planted singly. 



Larix Americana, Michx. (AMERICAN LARCH. HACKMATACK.) 

 The Larch was formerly much more abundant than now, and the 

 present generation of trees of this species seem to be quite unhealthy. 

 In Pine and Wenham Swamps and the regions adjoining are still 

 many trees, but few of them, however, exceed 1 foot in diameter, or 

 a height of 40 feet. Mr. Sears measured, in 1850, several trees in 

 Wenham Swamp, which were 8 feet 6 inches in circumference, and 

 about 70 feet high. Dr. Charles Pickering remembered a tree of this 

 species standing in the town swamp at Wenham in 1823, which was 

 about 4 feet in diameter. 



LARIX EUROP^A. (EUROPEAN LARCH), grows much better than 

 the American tree when planted out. The " Larch Row " in Wenham, 

 planted by Timothy Pickering about 1802, being the centre from which 

 has been distributed the numerous trees of this species to be seen in 

 Wenham and the adjoining towns. Several of the old Pickering 

 Larches, measured in 1876, averaged 6 feet in circumference 5 feet 

 from the ground. 



Thuja occidentalism L. (AMERICAN ARBOR VIT^E.) Common in 

 Maine and New Hampshire, where it is called White Cedar. It is 

 seen here only as a cultivated tree, in which condition it is abundant. 



Cupressus thyoides, L. (WHITE CEDAR.) Abundant in swamps 

 in many parts of the county, where it is often met with growing to 

 great size. One old tree in Manchester measured in 1875, was, 



Circumference 8 feet 8 inches, 2 feet from ground. 



" 7 " 7 " 7 " " 



Mr. Sears measured four trees in Boxford, which were respectively, ' 

 10 feet 2 inches, 10 feet 3 inches, 11 feet, and 12 feet 5 inches, at 5 feet 

 from the ground. Their height was about 60 feet. 



Juniperus communis, L. (COMMON JUNIPER.) A much de- 

 tested low evergreen, forming circular patches in pastures, often 30 

 to 50 feet in diameter. Mr. C. M. Tracy speaks of one in Lynn 

 which he judged to be 200 feet across. 



Juniperus Virginiana, L. (RKD CEDAR.) Common on dry 

 hills. On Manchester shore close to the salt water, grows an old Red 

 Cedar, which, measured by Mr. Nath. Ropes and the writer in 1875, 



was, 



Circumference 7 feet 7 inches at the ground. 

 u 7 " 5 " " 6 feet above. 



Height 12 to 14 feet. Spread 17 feet 8 inches. 

 Ground to branches 9 feet. 



This curious tree' is said to have been estimated by Prof. Agassiz as 



