MEETING, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3. 147 



Europe has attained, consequently plants coming to Eu- 

 rope from Australia and America would not come as 

 colonists to play a new part in that country but as the 

 survivors of an older flora whose cycle of existence has 

 ages ago run out there. The former geological flora of 

 Europe has exhausted its capabilities in it and plants of 

 this flora, returning at a later date from another country, 

 find in it no circumstances suitable for their growth. On 

 the other hand, European plants going to Australia and 

 America encounter there an older flora about to pass 

 away in the altered conditions of the world. The older 

 flora has no chance with the newer and better equipped 

 flora coming for the first time in contact with a soil to 

 which it is altogether virgin. 



The facts here cited are sufficient to show that abun- 

 dant means have been provided for the dissemination of 

 seeds and for the appearance in various parts of the world 

 of plants originally created in places far distant. 



WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3, 1881. 



FIELD meeting at Marblehead Neck to-day. Some one 

 hundred or more persons were present, and were provided 

 with special cars by the Eastern Railroad on the 9.45 A. M. 

 train to Marblehead ; thence by steam ferry " Escort," 

 Capt. E. A. Pitman, to the Neck. By the kindness of 

 Mr. Frank R. Kimball, a member of the Field meeting 

 committee, his new house was placed at the disposal of 

 the Institute for the lunch ; accordingly the baskets and 

 wraps were there deposited. The party then separated 

 into squads, and rambled about the beaches and bluffs, at 

 pleasure, to enjoy the beautiful scenery or to search into 

 the wonders of the bold promontory which helps to land- 



E88BX INST. BULLETIN, VOL. XIII. 11 



