DETAILS OF TEACHING. 337 



TEACHING TO Kiss. 



Kissing is a very simple trick to teach a horse, and it 

 adds greatly to the interest of those already explained. 

 Stand facing the horse, with the right side turned partly 

 toward his left shoulder, and let him take a piece of apple 

 from your hand which is held toward his mouth. Bring it 

 nearer each time, and finally let him take a piece in the 

 same manner from between the lips. When he does not 

 reach forward promptly to take the piece of apple from the 

 lips, prick him with a pin at the point of the shoulder. 

 Repeat until he gets the idea of avoiding punishment by 

 bringing his mouth to that of the trainer when desired. 

 Now put the apple farther into the mouth, which will com- 

 pel him to open his lips to get it. Commence lessening 

 the size of the apple, finally giving it to him as a reward 

 after he has performed the trick of bringing his mouth to 

 that of the trainer. This will teach him that by doing this 

 he will escape punishment and receive reward. 



To LIE DOWN AND SIT UP. 



A horse is taught to lie down or to sit up principally 

 by means of the whip or bridle, as follows : Tap the horse 

 smartly across the shins until he will drop upon his knees. 

 This method, however, requires a good deal of care and 

 judgment, or it will occasion needless pain and punishment 

 before the horse is made to submit. I will give the follow- 

 ing method, which, though slower, is better calculated for 

 amateurs : 



Tie the bridle-reins into a knot back of the neck, throw 

 your strap over the back, under the body, and tie to the 

 near foot, below the fetlock. Now pass the right hand well 

 over the back, and take a short hold of the strap. Cause 

 the horse to step toward you, and pull the foot up. Then 



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