348 TEACHING TEICKS. 



loosely upon the neck. Provide yourself with a straight 

 buggy whip having a straight or bow top. Stand opposite 

 the back, grasp the rein just short enough to take up the 

 slack, but not tight enough to pull on the head. Now with 

 the whip commence tapping lightly about at the center of 

 the off shoulder, when the horse will bring his head around 

 a little to avoid the annoyance. By pulling now slightly 

 upon the rein, he will step around to the right, when caress 

 him and give an apple, etc., and so repeat until he will step 

 around promptly when touched with a whip. Now go 

 around opposite the hip, holding the rein moderately tight, 

 and touch the shoulder, as before, with the whip. When 

 he steps around, caress. So repeat until he will come 

 around promptly at the motion of the whip alone. Next, 

 go to the opposite side, and so repeat until he will step 

 around in either direction desired. 



The next step is to teach him to stop at the motion of 

 the whip. With the horse in a corner well up against the 

 wall, stand on the near side well back toward the hip, and 

 bring the whip gently up on the back of the head, so that 

 the lash will reach over upon the fore head. Tap lightly 

 at first, then a little harder until he will step back a little, 

 for which instantly caress, and repeat until he will go back 

 promptly. 



It will be necessary now to provide a whip sufficiently 

 long that while standing at the hip or tail, it will reach the 

 head, so that in moving, when the whip is raised, the horse 

 will instantly stop. If he does not, he can be hit sharply 

 to compel him to do so. Repeat in this way until he can be 

 stopped or forced back under any excitement. 



The next step is to turn him right and left as if driving 

 with reins. To do this, grasp the tail with one hand, and 

 with the other bring the whip to the shoulder again, and 

 tap it as before until he will step around. When he is about 



