COXGESTIOX OF THE LUJSTGS. 



869 



the whole inclosed in a serous membrane called the pleura, which 

 is made up of two portions, one portion being reflected over the 

 lungs (pleura pulmonalis), while the other lines the inside of the 

 ribs and diaphragm (pleura costalis). The lungs are exceedingly 

 light in proportion to their size, and are very vascular organs ; 

 consequently they are very liable to diseases of an inflammatory 

 character, and the precursor of inflammation is congestion. A 

 good idea of the circulation in these parts can be obtained by a 



f 



FIG, 764. Showing the respiratory organs. 



8. Trachea; 9. Esophagus; 10. Section of left bronchus; 11. Ramifications 

 of right bronchus ; 12. Right lung; 13. Left lung seen from above; 14. Sternum: 

 1C. Heart; 17. Posterior aorta; 18. Anterior aorta. 



study of Figs. 622-627 in Circulation, on pages 733-737, and the 

 other cuts included there. 



Bronchitis is inflammation of the lining membrane of the tubes 

 of the lungs and lung cells, which is considered in another part of 

 this work ; but as it is frequently connected with lung difficulties, 

 I refer to it again in this connection. 



Pleurisy is inflammation of the pleura, before referred to (or 

 serous membrane which covers the lungs and thoracic cavity). 



Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung tissues, or paren- 

 chyma of the lungs. If we had bronchial-pneumonia, we would 

 have an inflammation of the lining membrane of the tubes and 



