146 The Fruit-Growers Guide-Book 



female. They do not hatch until the following May. The 

 full grown larvae are dark in color and covered with dark 

 hairs. The mature larvae have two rows of red spots and 

 two rows of blue spots along the back with a yellowish 

 but dim stripe between them. They usually reach their 

 full size about the 1st of July, and then transform to pupae. 

 These pupae are found in locations similar to the egg 

 masses, but occur in the foliage of trees and shrubs as 

 well. The male moth is brownish yellow in color, about 

 an inch and a half across the wings. The female moth is 

 nearly white, with a body so heavy as to prevent flight. 



The most effective means of controlling this insect is 

 to destroy the egg masses. There is an abundance of time 

 for this as the eggs laid in mid-summer do not hatch until 

 late next spring, a period of possibly eight months. The 

 egg masses can be destroyed-when found by soaking them 

 with creosote mixture applied with a small swab or paint 

 brush. This material can be obtained from dealers in 

 farm supplies. 



Scale Insects 



Oyster Shell Scale. This insect is much larger than the 

 San Jose scale, and resembles an oyster shell in shape. On 

 account of there being only one brood in a season, it is 

 easily controlled. Spraying for the San Jose scale will also 

 destroy this insect. It may be held in check by spraying 

 about the second week in June, while the young are hatch- 

 ing, with kerosene emulsion or self-boiled lime-sulphur. 

 When numerous, growers should determine when the eggs 

 are hatching by watching the trees carefully after the 

 latter part of March, in order to apply the remedy before 

 the young insects become protected by their hard scale 

 covering. In general practice it is found best to prune off 

 the badly infested branches during the fall or winter. 



Scurfy Scale. This insect is a native of America found 

 on the bark of the native crab trees. The scales are some- 

 what pear shaped in outline with a prominent nipple at the 

 pointed end. Its color is grayish or whitish, and even 

 when numerous, it does not cause the trouble that can be 



