160 The Fruit-Growers Guide-Book 



get rid of the cedar trees. Spraying with bordeaux mix- 

 ture or self-boiled lime-sulphur aids in checking the dis- 

 ease, but does not give perfect control. 



Root Rot. This trouble is of common occurrence in 

 several parts of the country. In the Middle West it oc- 

 curs more frequently on trees which have been planted on 

 land newly cleared from oak timber. In such cases it 

 seems to be caused by a fungus which is found on the oak. 

 Before planting an orchard on newly cleaned land, it is 

 best to wait for a few years and let the land become freed 

 of the fungus by natural agencies. 



Apple affected by scab. 



In the Western states a condition resulting in the death 

 of the roots and portions of the bark of the trunk has been 

 laid to poisoning from excessive use of arsenical sprays. 

 This belief is doubted on good authority, however, as in 

 some of the Western sections, in orchards which have 

 never been sprayed, and in soils entirely free from arsenic, 

 the same trouble is said to exist. 



Scab. Apple scab is common to all orchards, except in 

 some portions of the semi-arid sections of the West. It 

 attacks the fruit and leaves, on which it causes large black 



