162 The Fruit-Growers Guide-Book 



during such season, is directly due to the ravages of scab 

 on the young fruits. All varieties of apples are attacked by 

 scab, but some varieties more so than others. Thorough 

 spraying with bordeaux mixture just before the buds open 

 and again after the petals fall, followed by a third appli- 

 cation two or three weeks later, will keep it under perfect 

 control. Recent experiments lead to the opinion that lime- 

 sulphur and arsenate of lead applied as for the codling 

 moth will give immunity from this disease. 



Cherry 



Black Knot. This disease occurs on the cherry, apricot, 

 plum and prune, causing the formation of large black galls 

 or knots on the limbs and branches. These are frequently 

 infested with insects which burrow -within the galls. Re- 

 moval of the galls by cutting out diseased limbs and spray- 

 ing with any standard fungicide before growth begins in 

 spring will eliminate the disease. 



Leaf Spot. This disease attacks the cherry and plum 

 upon the foliage of which it causes the formation of small 

 brown spots, the dead centers of which fall out, causing a 

 "shot-hole" appearance. When very prevalent it will cause 

 defoliation of the -trees. Apply bordeaux mixture before 

 the buds open and keep the orchard clean. 



Powdery Mildew. This fungus is found on the sprouts 

 and young^ shoots of the cherry, although in favorable 

 seasons it may attack all of the foliage and cause defoli- 

 ation. It can be controlled by spraying with fungicides. 



Currants 



Aathracnose. This fungus also occurs on gooseberries, 

 causing the formation of small brown spots on the leaves 

 which turn yellow and drop when seriously attacked. On 

 the stems the fungus makes small circular areas. Cut- 

 ting out the affected canes and spraying with bordeaux 

 mixture before the buds open will control the disease. 



Cane Blight. This fungus causes serious trouble in 

 some sections by killing the canes. Upon the dead canes 



