216 The Fruit-Growers Guide-Book 



During the first year the vines are in their permanent 

 location they will not be in need of a trellis. With many 

 varieties the only support that will be needed the second 

 year will be just a post to which the vines can be tied to 

 keep them off the ground. By the beginning of the third 

 season there should be some sort of substantial support to 

 which the vines can be tied. In the home grounds an 

 arbor can be made which will be very serviceable in sup- 

 porting the vines and also quite ornamental. In the com- 

 mercial plantation a trellis of some sort should be con- 

 structed, as the vines can then be cared for in better shape, 

 ttnless the variety is one which makes but a small amount 

 of vine, as is the case with some of vinifera type. There 

 are several styles of trellises used for grapes, depending 

 on which of many styles of training are in use. One of 

 the commonest is a two-wire trellis in which the top wire 

 is about five feet from the ground, and the other at about 

 three feet. For training on such a trellis only two canes 

 are allowed to form and these are cut off at the top wire 

 and spread out fan-shaped on the trellis wires. 



What is known as the Kniffen system has a trellis con- 

 structed in about the same manner. One cane is drawn up 

 to the topmost wire, where it is then cut off. At each of 

 the wires two side branches are permitted to grow, and 

 one is allowed to run in each direction on both wires to a 

 distance about half way to the next vine. These are not 

 cut off but allowed to remain as the stock from which the 

 fruiting wood is to come. The fruiting wood is then 

 formed on each one of these arms and drops down, so that 

 tying is not a necessity. 



In the Munson system of training three wires are used, 

 one wire run through the posts at about six feet from the 

 ground, and the other two placed at the ends of "T" shaped 

 arms. The vines are trained up from the ground to this 

 wire, and two arms allowed to form, one being in each 

 direction. The new canes which form each season are then 

 allowed to droop over the outer wires, while the per- 

 manent arms of the vine are fastened to the middle wire. 



