CHAPTER VII 



HOW TO PLANT 



After the land has been grubbed, ploughed, 

 graded, harrowed, channeled, and it has been 

 decided what to plant, the ground is next set out for 

 planting. 



The length and grade of the rows of trees and 

 vines necessary for their satisfactory irrigation has 

 already been dealt with in Chapter IV. Where the 

 land is hilly or undulating it is often impossible to 

 water all trie land of a holding with the same grade, 

 therefore the orchard has often to be laid out in two 

 or more sections, each section having a different 

 grade along which to water. This somewhat spoils 

 the appearance of uniformity of the plantation, but 

 with our furrow system of watering this is often 

 unavoidable, as the success of the orchard depends 

 upon its efficient irrigation, so all other considera- 

 tions must give place to this. 



DISTANCES. 



Trees are set out in orchard form in anything from 

 18 feet to 24 feet apart. Such varieties as pears, 

 Rome Beauty apples, and some kinds of almonds, 

 being of upright habit, do not take up as much room 

 as the more spreading peaches, nectarines, arid 

 oranges. But for the practical working of the 

 orchard, both in irrigation and cultivation, it is 

 essential that the trees of the same irrigated section, 

 and preferably of the whole orchard, should be the 

 same distance apart. 



