32 Fruitgrowing under Irrigation 



The standard distance at which trees are planted 

 in orchard form may be taken as 20 feet by 20 feet 

 apart on the square. This gives, roughly, 100 trees 

 to the acre, allowing for space for headlands, 

 and this is generally found a convenient all-round 

 distance. Some growers, however, prefer 22 feet 

 by 22 feet, and even 24 feet by 24 feet, for peaches 

 and oranges on deep rich land. A headland of 20 

 feet to 24 feet should be left along the channel and 

 along the end of the rows to allow space for turning 

 in horse cultivation. 



Regarding vines, sultanas may be planted in 

 rows 12 feet apart, with vines from 7 feet to 8 feet 

 apart in the rows ; currants and doradillos in rows 

 12 feet apart, with vines 10 to 12 feet apart in the 

 rows, and gordos in rows 10 feet to 12 feet apart, 

 with vines from 6 feet to 8 feet in the rows. 



PEGGING OUT. 



After the grade and length of the rows, as well as 

 the distance at which it is intended to plant has been 

 decided upon, the ground has next to be pegged out 

 for planting. This is usually done by means of a 

 wire planting line that has either metal or cloth tags 

 inserted' at regular intervals at the distance at which 

 the trees or vines are to be planted. In using, the 

 line is drawn tight and a peg is driven into the 

 ground at every tag. 



Where the land is fairly level or has but a gentle 

 fall, the channel may be used as a base line and the 

 rows go off at right angles from it; but where the 

 rows, in order to have the correct grade, branch off 

 from the channel at other than right angles, then the 

 line drawn from the channel at the angle it is in- 

 tended to water should serve as the base line, and 

 all other measurements should be taken from this. 



Owing to mistakes made in the laying out of a 



