io6 Fruitgrowing under Irrigation 



The usual methods used for combating this scale 

 are by means of sprays made of oils of various kinds 

 and of resin compounds. 



Red Oil. Various brands of "red oil" mixture are 

 upon the market. The usual methods of mixing are 

 to take equal quantities of rainwater and red oil, 

 place the oil in a bucket or spray pump, add the 

 water slowly, stirring or churning vigorously the 

 while. When, the oil and water have thoroughly 

 emulsified, add twenty times as much water as there 

 is emulsion that is, forty times the amount of oil 

 used and mix up well in the barrel of the spraying 

 outfit. This mixture may be considered as full 

 strength, and a stronger solution than this is not 

 advisable. The chief thing to see to at mixing is 

 that the oil and water emulsify thoroughly, which 

 will not be the case if the water is at all hard, and 

 should it be in this condition it should first be 

 softened by dissolving a handful of washing soda in 

 it before mixing it with the oil. 



The usual time for using red oil spray is in the 

 summer months, generally during the months of 

 January and February, and to guard against sun- 

 scald of the leaves and fruit is best applied during 

 a cool spell during these months. Should the 

 weather be warm to hot when the spraying is being 

 done, a solution of one gallon of oil to 50 gallons of 

 water will be found strong enough to kill the scale. 



Kerosene Emulsion is preferred by some growers 

 for spraying purposes. This is made up in the pro- 

 portion of 2 gallons of kerosene, -J Ib. soap, 1 gallon 

 water. The soap is dissolved by boiling in the 

 gallon of water. The water is taken off the 

 fire, and the kerosene added slowly, the mixture 

 being churned with a spray pump for ten minutes 

 or so, until a stable emulsion is formed. Another 



