LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIG. PAGE 



1. An Elberta Peach Orchard near Ogden, Utah ... 7 



2. Leveling with Water 31 



3. Hexagonal Plan of Planting 43 



4. Method of Marking Land for Planting . . . .50 



5. A Root-hair. (After Stevens) .' 55 



6. A Cross-section of a Stem. (After Stevens) ... 58 



7. Cross-section of a Leaf. (After Stevens) .... 62 



8. Pear Spur on Left and Apple Spur on Right, showing Scars 



produced by Death of Part of Spur 68 



9. Once a Fruit-spur 68 



10. Opening Flower-buds on One-year-old Apple Spurs . . 69 



11. Missouri (Pippin) showing Axillary Flower-buds . . 69 



12. Mature Jonathan Apples from Axillary Buds ... 69 



13. Axillary Flower Clusters of Duchess Pear .... 70 



14. Flower-buds of Peach ........ 75 



15. Flower-buds of Apricot 76 



16. Flower-buds of Sweet Cherry 77 



17. Flower-buds of Soar Cherry 78 



18. Flower-buds of Domestica Plum ...... 78 



19. Low-headed Trees, with Ascending Branches. Paonia, 



Colorado 85 



20. Yearling Whip, properly Headed-back when planted, but 



improperly trained and Annual Pruning neglected . . 92 



21. Shaping the Top 94 



22. Shaping the Top . 95 



23. Failure 96 



24. Neglected 97 



25. Young Apple Trees well Headed-in 101 



xvii 



