Pruning Young Trees 



107 



was lost entirely on account of the borers checking the 

 young growths as they started. This is a loss of prac- 

 tically one third of the top, and well illustrates the advan- 

 tage of leaving the fourth arm which appears in the fore- 

 ground, and which must now be developed to take the 

 place of the stronger one which came to the untimely end. 



FIG. 31. Same Tree as Fig. 29 but One Year later. 



In Figure 31 is shown a tree after three years' growth in 

 the orchard with sufficient fruiting-wood to produce a 

 box of fruit the fourth season, and with this wood so 

 placed that it may be left without interfering with proper 

 formative pruning. The center of the tree presents a 

 brushy appearance, which is largely due to a secondary 

 growth forced by the borers checking the terminals early 

 in summer. On account of this abnormal growth, the 

 tree carries an unusually small number of fruit-buds low 

 down. While the spraying of the young orchard is often 



