CHAPTER XIV 



OTHER PHASES OF ORCHARD MANAGEMENT 



FRUIT-GROWING is not always a separate business. 

 It is often only one part or phase of one's farming, and 

 as such is most likely to be associated with various forms 

 of live-stock raising. This live-stock may also be essential 

 to the orcharding itself, to supply the necessary manure. 

 We may therefore discuss some phases of stock-raising 

 in connection with fruit-growing before we pass to the 

 question of varieties and the discussions of marketing. 



The person who engages in fruit-growing without capi- 

 tal is likely to ask what he may do for a living while his 

 orchards are coming into bearing. To suggest an answer 

 is still further to discuss some phases of orchard manage- 

 ment; and this question we may here consider. 



LIVE-STOCK ON FRUIT-FARMS 



There was a full crop of apples in 1906 in one of the large 

 orchards in Western Colorado. Part of the trees had 

 been bearing for fifteen years, and part had just begun to 

 bear heavily. In the young orchard 95 per cent of the 

 crop graded " extras" and "firsts." Half the apples on 

 the older trees were below these grades, being undersized 

 and " off color." Another old orchard bearing a low-grade 

 fruit was heavily manured with rich barnyard manure, 



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