THE APPLE. 



11 



applied to hawkers of fruit and vegetables, is derived from 

 this apple. In earlier times the person who sold apples 



Fig. 3. THREE-YEAR-OLD APPLE TREE. 



The shoots C and D are the new prowths developed from the preceding 

 year's shortened wood (B Fig. 2). E E are fruit buds. Bars indicate where 

 to prune. 



was known as a "costard-monger.'* Chaucer refers to 

 this apple in the following line: 



"Your chekes embolmed like a mellow costard." 



