THE CHERRY. 61 



ficial for ensuring well-balanced growth and fruitfulness. 

 Summer pruning is best done in July and August. (Fig. 16.) 

 The young lateral shoots on fan-trained trees i.e., those 

 growing at the sides of the branches, should then be 

 shortened to the fourth or fifth leaf, say about 3m. from 

 their base. The leading shoots at the ends of the branches 

 must not be shortened, but allowed to grow their full 

 length. It will probably happen that the shoots which 

 were shortened will produce furthei shoots, in which case 

 shorten them to one leaf. Shoots that grow out of the 

 front of branches should be rubbed or pulled off in May ; 

 this is termed disbudding. The Morello, as already ex- 

 plained, bears its fruit along the whole length of the previous 

 year's shoots. These, therefore, must not be summer 

 pruned, but nailed or otherwise secured to the wall. If 

 ~a Morello promises to make too many young growths, it 

 is advisable to disbud the weakest early in May. (Fig. 17.) 

 Cordon tree* simply need to have all side shoots shortened 

 as advised, and the leader left untouched. Pyramids require 

 their lateral shoots to be shortened to three leaves, and 

 the leaders to eight or twelve leaves, according to their 

 vigour. Subsequent growths resulting from these, shorten 

 to two leaves. 



Winter Pruning. This is a simple business, and con- 

 sists of cutting back any leading shoots to a wood bud 

 where it is necessary to do so to improve the contour of 

 a pyramid tree; or laterals so that new shoots may be 

 induced to form next year. Fan-trained and cordon trees 

 need no winter pruning if the summer pruning has been 

 properly carried out. In older trees, much crowded with 

 old spurs, the latter may with advantage be thinned out. 

 The Morello, too, needs a certain amount of winter prun- 

 ing. For instance, those shoots that have borne fruit during 

 the summer should be cut right out, leaving the young 

 growths to take their place. This should be done in 

 October or November. In the case of standard trees prune 

 the first and second year's .shoots to i8in. from their base, 



