110 FRUIT AND ITS CULTIVATION, 



done with those grown under glass. The laterals in this 

 case are allowed to develop at intervals of i5in., and 

 these are spurred back in winter to one eye or bud from 

 their base. This is practically cordon training. A second 

 method, and the one usually practised, is to grow one 

 plant only on a wall, and to allow these to develop shoots 

 which are subsequently trained horizontally and verti- 

 cally to cover the wall. 



The third plan is to let the shoots grow as they please, 

 and simply secure them to the wall. The last method is, 

 however, more picturesque than profitable. We com- 

 mend the second plan as the best for general adoption. 

 In this case the Vine, when planted, should be shortened 

 to i Sin. In due course three shoots will form. Train 

 these out widely apart the first year. In winter shorten 

 the two lower shoots to 3ft. or 4ft., and train them out 

 horizontally one to the right and the other to the left. 

 The central shoot train upright, shortening it also to 3ft. 

 or 4ft. The following summer laterals will form on 

 the horizontal shoots or branches. Rub off any that form 

 on the lower side of the stems, and retain those that de- 

 velop on the upper side. These should be about a foot 

 apart; any that form at a less distance should be rubbed 

 off. When those retained get long enough, train them 

 to the wall. 



Now as to the vertical stem, laterals will develop on 

 this, and the best should be retained at intervals of 

 i Sin. to form future horizontal stems to be trained into 

 position, like the first pair, the following winter. These 

 must be shortened in winter to 3ft. or 4ft., and trained 

 horizontally to the wall. The topmost lateral must also 

 be shortened to 3ft. or 4ft., and trained vertically to form 

 a continuance of the main stem. The laterals that were 

 trained to the wall on the upper side of the first pair of 

 horizontal stems will require to be pruned to one eye from 

 their base to form fruiting spurs. The lateral growth 

 at the extremity of each horizontal stem must be trained 



