PROPAGATION OF FRUIT TREES. 



215 



removed. The wax or composition to be employed for 

 the purpose of protecting the cut surfaces or wounds is 

 to be obtained in a variety of forms. Perhaps the sim- 

 plest form is a composition of well-rotted or rain-washed 

 horse dung, mixed with fine clay to the consistency of 

 wax or putty. The modelling clay known as ' Plasticine ' 

 is also useful for this purpose.'* 



: VY*^ 



i#. 87. SIDE GRAFT SECURED Fig. 88. SIDE GRAFT COATED 

 IN POSITION. WITH CLAY. 



Raffia is used for binding the stick and 

 scion together. 



This is necessary to exclude the air 

 and keep the wound moist. 



Side Grafting (Fig. 86) is a form of grafting especially 

 suitable for renovating espalier-trained Apple or Pear trees. 

 Supposing, for example, that a large Pear or Apple tree 

 has lost one of its side branches, it is possible to graft a 

 new branch on the main stem to take its place. Or, on 

 the other hand, assuming that you have a healthy large 



