THE PRINCIPLES OF PRUNING, 



231 



The reader will therefore clearly see that one of the 

 most essential principles in pruning is to keep both root 

 and branch in their proper ratio to each other. This 

 assured, he may then proceed to practice summer and 

 winter pruning with a view to the production of fruit 



Fig. 99. FRUITING BRANCH OF 

 RED CURRANT. 



Showing fruit borne on old spurs, and 

 the summer-pruned laterals. 



Fig. 100. BRANCH OF RED 

 CURRANT. 



The short lines show where to prune 

 the lateral and leading: shoots; in the 

 former case to form spurs. 



buds, fruiting spurs, and the maintenance of healthy 

 growth, to keep the tree growing in a prosperous condi- 

 tion. We will now pass on to the consideration of the 

 several methods of pruning. 



