276 FRUIT AND ITS CULTIVATION. 



the folded leaves by means of a silken thread. If undis- 

 turbed they will, when full grown, pupate in the folded 

 leaf tube'. Crushing the larvae in the leafy tubes, or spray- 

 ing with arsenate of lead when the fruit is set, are the 

 best means of coping with this pest. 



Other Pests. The Bark Beetle (Scolytus rugulosus), 

 Winter Moth (Cheimatobia brumata), Mottled Umber 

 Moth (Hybernia defoliaria), Bud Moth (Hedya ocellana), 

 Peach Aphis (Aphis amygdali), and Peach Scale (Leca- 

 nium persica) infest the Apricot. These pests are dealt 

 with in other sections of this chapter. 



Cherry Pests. 



Cherry Aphis (Myzus cerasi). A species of black fly 

 which infests the shoots and leaves of the Cherry in sum- 

 mer, coating the surface of the latter with a gummy secre- 

 tion from its body, and causing them to curl up. Like 

 other aphides, the Cherry Aphis also sucks the sap out of 

 the foliage. Viviparous females are produced in early 

 spring from eggs laid on the shoots the previous autumn. 

 Successive generations are produced during the season, 

 and unless prompt steps are taken to destroy the earlier 

 brood the lice will seriously cripple the growth of the 

 trees. Spray with a soft soap and quassia wash as soon 

 as the aphis is seen. Repeat the dose if the first one fails 

 to get rid of the pest. It is also advisable to spray with 

 a paraffin emulsion in autumn to destroy the egg-laying 

 females. 



Cherry Tree Borer (Semasia woeberiana). The larvae of 

 this moth bore into the bark of Cherry and Plum trees, 

 and feed on the inner bark, causing gum to exude an3 also 

 the parts affected to swell. In due course the tree falls 

 into ill-health and dies. The moths appear in June, and 

 lay their eggs in the crevices of the bark. The larvae are 

 of a pinkish hue, about Jin. long, and enter the pupal 

 state in August. A second brood appears in September, 

 and lays eggs which hatch out in April. Smearing the 



