326 FRUIT AND ITS CULTIVATION. 



Bush fruits are usually grown between the tall trees, 

 generally with the intention of grubbing them up when 

 the trees grow so big as to overshadow them. They must, 

 therefore, be placed at distances apart which are multiples 

 of those of the trees. For instance, if the trees are 24ft. 

 apart, there may be three bushes 6ft. apart between every 

 two trees in the rows, and a row of bushes 6ft. apart mid- 

 way between every two rows of trees. If the trees are 

 at 2oft. distance, the bushes must be sft. apart, and so on. 



As a rule, half-standard trees are best for market work, 

 unless it be in the case of Plums, which are free-growing 

 enough even on dwarfing stocks. Bush Apples on the 

 English Paradise stock, excellent as they are for gardens 

 or small orchards where the land can be generously en- 

 riched with manure, are not always free-growing enough 

 for field planting, unless the soil is naturally rich. On 

 poor land there is some danger of their becoming per- 

 manently stunted through too prolific fruiting in their early 

 years. But they are very useful for planting between 

 full standards, to fruit in the years that must elapse before 

 the latter begin to be profitable, and to come out when 

 the standards want all the room. 



Examples of Plantations. The arrangement of trees in 

 a plantation can be varied in many ways to suit the special 

 requirements of the grower, and we can only give a few 

 examples as a guide. The most common plan is that of 

 planting half-standard trees, say, 2oft. apart, with bushes 

 (Currants or Gooseberries) 5ft. apart between them. There 

 would be three bushes between each two trees in the rows, 

 and a row of bushes only midway between every two rows 

 of trees. The bushes give a quick return before the 

 trees come into bearing, and are about worn out by the 

 time the trees want all the room. (Figs. 144 and 145.) 



On richer land bush-trained trees on a dwarfing stock 

 could be planted instead of the half -standards, i2ft. apart 

 each way, with bushes 6ft. apart between them. 



A Cherry orchard may be started with standard Cherries 



