44 HIGHWAYS AND HORSES. 



these roads are in tolerable repair. From Valladolicl a 

 good road has been made by Valentia and Regnosa 

 to Santander. There are two good roads to Bilboa ; 

 one by Miranda, the other by Vittoria. 



" To the northward there is a Camino Realc, 

 throuofh Gallicia to Corunna and Ferroe, but in such 

 want of repair as to be almost impassable in numerous 

 places for loaded carriages ; attempts are, however, 

 now making to improve it. In Catalonia the roads 

 are comparatively numerous and good. The road 

 from Saragosa to Barcelona has lately been put in 

 repair, and a diligence was established upon it in the 

 beginning of the year 1831. 



"The other roads which are traced upon maps of 

 Spain may be divided into three classes. 



" Firstly, roads which have originally been made 

 and covered with road metal ; secondly, roads across 

 the plains and through the valleys formed by the 

 tracks of the country carts, and which have only in a 

 few places been artificially constructed ; and, thirdly, 

 the mule roads, or paths worn by the feet of the mules 

 travelling over the mountains during a long series 

 of years. 



" The revenue applicable to the construction and 

 repair of the roads is derived, firstly, from toll-gates, 

 and, secondly, from local taxes. Upon all the 

 practicable roads tolls are established at intervals of 

 ten or twelve English miles, (See Foreign Quarterly 

 Review. ) 



" About ^90,000 is the average annual expendi- 

 ture upon the roads in Spain. In the most populous 

 districts of the German and Russian dominions there 

 are to be found paved roads similar to those in France. 

 The roads in Holland are generally carried in un- 



