1915] 



HILL — BOTANIC GARDENS 203 



Between the years 1760 and 1786 a new site was found for 

 a botanic garden and the other gardens were abandoned. This 

 new garden, formed during John Hope's keepership, eventu- 

 ally became unsuitable owing to the growth of the town, and 

 the present site (twenty-seven acres) was selected about 1820, 

 during the keepership of Professor Graham. 



The Edinburgh Garden, through the University, still retains 

 its connection with the Medical School, and the instruction of 

 the medical student is one of the functions of the Professor 

 and his staff. With its fine collections of living plants, its 

 herbarium, library, laboratories, and remarkable series of 

 specimens in the museums, the Edinburgh institution may well 

 serve as an example of the ideal botanic garden. 



The Chelsea Physic Garden,^ which next claims attention, 

 was founded as the Garden of the Society of Apothecaries^ in 

 London in the year 1673. The earlier garden of the Society 

 had been at Westminster, but this had no river frontage, and 

 the ground at Chelsea was leased from Charles Cheyne, in 

 1673, as a convenient spot for building a barge house for their 

 processional barge in which they attended city functions, as 

 was customary for city companies. 



In 1676 the plants at Westminster were moved to the 

 Chelsea Garden, which had already been suitably enclosed 

 with a wall. The freehold of the Manor of Chelsea, including 

 the Physic Garden, was purchased in 1712 by Dr. (after- 

 wards Sir Hans) Sloane, who in the year 1722 conveyed the 

 Garden by deed to the Society of Apothecaries. The convey- 

 ance was made "to the end that the said garden might at 

 all times thereafter be continued as a Physick Garden, and 



' Field, H., and Semple, R. H. Memoirs of the Botanic Garden at Chelsea. 

 London, 1878. 



''The Society of Apothecaries itself was formed in 1617 "that the ignorance 

 and rashness of presumptuous Empirics and unexpert men might be restrained, 

 whereby many discommodities, inconveniences and perils do daily arise to rude 

 and incredulous people." See Blunt, R. Cheyne Walk and thereabout p. 99. 

 London, 1914. 



Certain continental botanic gardens, such as the ancient garden at Salzburg 

 were founded in connection with local pharmaceutical schools and have had no 

 connection with any university. 



