1915] 



HILL BOTANIC GAKDENS 209 



Kew, having no connection with any university or educa- 

 tional establishment,^ differs markedly in this respect from 

 the botanic gardens to which allusion has been made. Her 

 sphere of usefulness is largely concerned with the economic 

 aspect of botany, and it is her aim and object to encourage 

 and assist, as far as possible, scientific botanists, travellers, 

 merchants and manufacturers, in their varied botanical in- 

 vestigations. 



Space does not permit of more than a brief mention being 

 made of the new Berlin Garden at Dahlem and of many other 

 important gardens on the Continent and in Great Britain and 

 Ireland. The Berlin Botanic Garden- was founded in 1679 in 

 the heart of the city, and in 1801 it was reorganized and im- 

 proved. The removal of the Garden to its present site at 

 Dahlem was completed in 1909. The new Garden with its geo- 

 graphical and ecological arrangements of the plants and the 

 splendid Botanical Institute and Museums, now forms one of 

 the finest schools of botany in the world. In her aims and 

 objects she compares more closely to Kew than to any other 

 botanic garden. 



The following notes refer to other important gardens not specifically men- 

 tioned in the text: 



The Upsala Garden (founded 1655-57) was injured by the great fire in 1702, 

 and remained neglected until 1741. The restoration was begun by Rosen and 

 energetically taken up by Linng. (See Swerderus, M.B. Botaniska Tragarden, 

 Upsala, 1655-1807. Falun, 1877.) The Imperial Botanic Garden of Peter the 

 Great, Petrograd (St. Petersburg), was founded in 1713 {see Kew Bull. Misc. 

 Inf. 1913:243-252. 1913), and that of Vienna in 1754. 



The Cambridge Botanic Garden was founded in 1762 by Richard Walker, D.D., 

 formerly Vice-Master of Trinity College. The Garden was transferred to its 

 present site in 1846 and occupies about twenty acres. It is in close connection 

 with the Botany School at Cambridge and provides abundance of material for 

 research work and for the teaching purposes of the Botany School. The Garden 

 is also fitted with a small laboratory. Some eighteen acres are available for 

 extension. 



'■ Lectures and demonstrations in chemistry and physics, general botany, 

 systematic and geographical botany, economic botany, plant pathology and on 

 soils and manures are given in the Gardens to the young gardeners at Kew. 



" See Urban, I. Geschichte des Konigl. botanischen Gartens und des Konigl. 

 Herbariums zu Berlin, nebst einer Darstellung des augenblicklichen Zustandes 

 dieser Institute. Festschr. naturwiss. u. med. Staatsanst. Berlin, 1881. 



Engler, A., and others. Der Kgl. bot. Garten und das Kgl. bot. Museum zu 

 Dahlem. Berlin, 1909. 



