ANIMALS. 317 



regard to the passions, places the principal expression of the 

 face in the eye-brows." From their elevation or depression, 

 most of the furioug passions are characterized ; and such as have 

 this feature extremely moveable, are usually known to have an 

 expressive face. By means of these we can imitate all the other 

 passions, as they are raised or depressed at command ; the rest 

 of the features are generally fixed ; or, when put into motion, 

 they do not obey the will : the mouth and eyes, in an actor, for 

 instance, may, by being violently distorted, give a very different 

 expression from what he would intend ; but the eye-brows can 

 scarcely be exerted improperly ; their being raised denotes all 

 tliose passions which pride or pleasure inspire ; and their de- 

 pression marks those which are the effects of contemplation and 

 pain ; and such who have this feature, therefore, most at com- 

 mand, are often found to excel as actors." 



The eye-lashes have an effect, in giving expression to the eye, 

 particularly when long and close : they soften its glances, and 

 improve its sweetness. Man and apes are the only animals that 

 have eye-lashes both upon the upper and lower lids ; all other 

 animals want them on the lid below. 



The eye-lids serve to guard the ball of the eye, and to furnish 

 it with a proper moisture. Tue upper lid rises and falls ; the 

 lower has scarcely any motion ; and although their being moved 

 depends on the will, yet it often happens that the will is unable 

 to keep them open, when sleep, or fatigue, oppresses the mind. 

 In birds and amphibious quadrupeds, the lower lid alone has mo- 

 tion ; fishes and insects have no eye-lids whatsoever. 



The forehead makes a large part of the face, and a part which 

 chiefly contributes to its beauty. It ought to be justly propor- 

 tioned ■, neither too round nor too flat ; neither too narrow nor 

 too low ; and the hair should come thick upon its extremities. 

 It is known to every body how much the hair tends to improve 

 the face ; and how much the being bald serves to take away 

 from beauty. The highest part of the head is that which be- 

 comes bald the soonest, as well as that part which lies imme- 

 diately above the temples. The hair unrler the temples, and at 

 the back of the head, is very seldom known to fail, " and wo- 

 men ai-e much less apt to become bald than men -. Mr Buifou 

 seems to think they never become bald at all ; but we have too 

 many instances of the contrary among us, not to contradict very 



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