AN'IMAl.S. 3-5 



crease the size of their figure ; and to take up rcore room in 

 the world than Nature seems to have allotted them. We desire 

 to swell out our clothes by the stiffness of art, and raise our 

 heels, while we add to the largeness of our heads. How bulky 

 soever our dress may be, our vanities are still more bulky. The 

 largeness of the doctor's wig arises from the same pride with 

 the smallness of the beau's queue. Both want to have the size 

 of their understanding measured by the size of their heads. 



There are some modes that seem to have a more reasonable 

 origin, which is to hide or to lessen the defects of nature. To 

 take men all together, there are many more deformed and plain 

 than beautiful and shapely. The former, as being the most 

 numerous, give law to fashion ; and their laws are generally 

 such as are made in their own favour. The women begin to 

 colour their cheeks with red, when the natural roses are faded ; 

 and the younger are obliged to submit, though not compelled by 

 the same necessity. In all parts of the world, this custom pre- 

 vails more or less ; and powdering and frizzing the hair, though 

 not so general, seems to have risen from a similar control. 



But leaving the draperies of the human picture, let us return 

 to the figure, unadorned by art. JMan's ht-ad, whether consi- 

 dered externally or internally, ir; differently formed from that of 

 all other animals, the monkey-kind only excepted, in which 

 there is a striking similitude — There are some differences, 

 however, which we shall take notice of in another place. The 

 bodies of all quadruped animals are covered with hair ; but the 

 head of man seems the part most adorned, and that more abun- 

 dantly than in any other animal. 



There is a very great variety in the teeth of all animals: some 

 have them above and below j others have them in the under 

 jaw only; ir»some they stand separate from each other ; while 

 in some they are continued and imited. The palate of some 

 fishes is nothing else but a bony plate studded with points, which 

 perform the offices of teeth. All these substimces, in every 

 animal, derive their origin from the nerves ; the substance or 

 the nerves hardens by being exposed to the air ; and the nerves 

 that terminate in the mouth, being thus exposed, acquire a bony 

 ftolidity. In this manner the teeth and nails are formed in 

 man ; and in this manner also, the beak, the hoofs, the hornt, 

 and the talons, of other animals, are found to bp produced. 

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