4i2- hrSTORY OF J 



rous, whirh are the birds ; and some viviparous, which are quad- 

 rupeds. The quadrupeds, he divides into such as have a hoof, 

 and such as are claw-footed. Those with the hoof, he divides 

 into such as have it undivided, such as have it cloven, and such 

 as have the hoof divided into more parts, as the rhinoceros, and 

 nippopotamus. Animals with the cloven hoof, he divides into 

 such as chew the cud, as the cow and the sl.eep ; and such as 

 are not ruminant, as the hog. He divides those animals that 

 chew the cud, into four kinds; the first have hollow horns, which 

 they never shed, as the cow ; the second is of a less species, and 

 is of the sheep kind ; the third is of the goat kind ; and the last, 

 which have solid horns, and shed them annually, are of the deer 

 kind. Coming to the claw-footed animals, he finds some with 

 large claws, resembling the fingers of the human hand . and 

 these he makes the ape kind. Of the others, some have the foot 

 divided in two, have a claw to each division ; these are the camel 

 kind. The elephant makes a kind by itself, as its claws are co- 

 vered over by a skin. The rest of the numerous tribe of claw- 

 footed animals he divides into two kinds ; the analogous, or such 

 as resemble each other ; and tlie anomalous, which differ from 

 the rest. The analogous claw-footed animals, are of two kinds; 

 they have more than two cutting teeth in each jaw, such as the 

 lion and the dog, which are carnivorous ; or they have but two 

 cutting teeth in each jaw, and these are chiefly fed upon vege- 

 tables. The carnivorous kinds are divided into the great and 

 the little. The great carnivorous animals are divided into such 

 a? have a short snout, as the cat and the lion : and such as have 

 it long and pointed, as the dog and the wolf. The little daw- 

 footed carnivorous animals, differ from the great, in having a 

 proportionably smaller head, and a slender body, that fits theni 

 for creeping into holes, in pursuit of their prey like worms ; and 

 they are therefore called the vermin kind. 



We see, from this sketch of division and subdivision, 

 how a subject, extremely delightful and amusing in itself, 

 may be darkened and rendered disgusting. But, notwithstand- 

 ing, Ray seems to be one of the most simple distributors; 

 and his method is still, and not without reason, adopted by 

 many. Such as have been at the trouble to learn this iiethod, 

 will certainly find it useful: nor would we be thou>;ht, in the 

 Least, to tidve from its mcrit.s ; all we contend for is, that the 



