BRAZILIAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS 267 



they may have become infected but leave such house if it be abandoned by man 

 Brumpt thinks that the bedbug may also transmit the disease. 



S. Cruzi is found in the blood of children during the acute febrile 

 stage but at other times in children, and as a rule in adults, it is rarely 

 present in the peripheral blood. The early blood forms are narrow 

 and very motile. They increase in size and slacken in motility when 

 they become about 20 microns long. 5. cruzi is characterized by a 

 very large blepharoplast. Dividing 

 forms are never seen in the blood. The \ 

 common site of multiplication is in the ) d2\ /- 

 cells of the voluntary muscles and heart \zJr ^^^ CV (T^* 

 and also in the cells of the central ner- &f~\ \g}) 



vous system, adrenals, thyroid and bone 



marrow. In these tissues the flagellate 



i i e 11 FIG. 62. Schizotrypanum cruzi 



takes on a rounded form and undergoes in blood of child with acute type of 



binary division. Continued division Brazilian trypanosomiasis. (Mac- 



.-, p , j n . , Nealfrom Doflein after Chaeas.) 



converts the infected cell into a cyst. 



It is this process going on in various important structures that ac- 

 counts for the extreme variation in symptomatology and pathology. 



Chagas thinks that the gametes for the cycle in Lamus arise from parasites develop- 

 ing in the lungs of the vertebrate host. Flagellated parasites enter the lungs, lose the 

 flagellum and become oval in shape, later on dividing into 8 parts. These assume 

 an elongated form and enter the red cells of the host. The forms taken up by 

 Lamus multiply in the intestine and then pass to the salivary glands after about eight 

 days. The bug is then infectious when it bites. Brumpt notes that infection may 

 occur from inoculation of the faeces passed by the bug, especially through the 

 conjunctiva. 



Trypanoplasma 



The genus Trypanoplasma has a rather large blepharoplast, from which arise two 

 flagella. One extends forward as a free anterior flagellum, while the other projects 

 posteriorly, running along the border of the undulating membrane. This genus is 

 not known for man. 



Leishmania 



The parasites which cause a general infection in kala-azar and 

 leishmania infantile splenic anaemia but a local one in oriental sore 

 are usually separated as distinct species, Leishmania donovani for 

 kala-azar, L. infantum for infantile splenic anaemia and L. tropica 

 for oriental sore. 



