3 io 



FLAT WORMS 



mediary. This parasite produces an intense anaemia similar to pernicious anaemia. 

 It is a frequent parasite in Switzerland, Bavaria, Japan, Scandinavia, and Russia. 

 Recently several cases have been reported from our Northwest, and some of the fish 

 of the waters of that region are said to be infected. The larva is a pleroceroid and 

 is about i inch long. It is said that salting, smoking, or other ordinary methods of 

 preserving fish will not kill it. 



A tape-worm, Diplogonoporus grandis has been reported from Japan. In this 

 there are two complete sets of genital organs to each segment. 



SOMATIC T^NIASIS 



While rarely we may have the larval stage of T. solium present in 

 man, and while certain bothriocephalid larvae (Sparganum mansoni 

 and Sparganum proliferum) infect man, yet they are unimportant as 

 compared with the larval stage of the Tcenia echinococcus. 



FIG. 70, Daughter cyst from hydatid 

 cyst, considerably enlarged. (Coplin.) 



FIG. 71. A group of daughter cysts 

 from hydatid cysts. (Coplin.) 



Taenia echinococcus. The adult stage of this parasite is passed in 

 dogs. It is one of the smallest tape-worms known, being only about 

 3^5 inch long. It has a head with four suckers and a rostellum en- 

 circled with hooks. There are only three to four segments. The larval 

 stage, on the contrary, gives one of the largest of larval cestodes. In 

 man it may reach the size of a child's head. 



The larval stage is also found in hogs and sheep, and it is probable that by reason 

 of the dog's eating the echinococcus cyst of such animals at the abattoir we owe 

 the increase in this serious infection. 



Man contracts the infection from association with dogs. The disease is peculiarly 

 prevalent in Iceland. As stated above, the adult stage is passed in the intestine of 



