FACIAL REGION. 19 



DISSECTION II. 



FACIAL REGION. 



In order to dissect the muscles of the face, the lips and cheeks 

 should be distended by filling the space between them and the teeth 

 with cotton wool or like material ; the lips are then to be sewed 

 together; the nostrils may be distended in the same manner. One 

 side should be dissected at a time, the other being preserved to 

 verify the first : for the very feeble development of the facial muscles 

 makes it difficult to distinguish them ; the class of individuals who 

 finish their career in the dissecting-room, is not calculated to display 

 the muscles of expression about the nose and mouth, as it does those 

 of the arms or legs developed by constant use. 



The integument should be turned downward from the inner side of 

 the orbit ; and as the inferior segment of the orbicularis palpebrarum 

 muscle covers in the origin of several facial muscles, it should be 

 dissected up so as to expose them. 



The LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS AL^QUE NASI occupies 

 the depression at the side of the nose ; it arises from the 

 nasal process of the superior maxillary bone, beneath the 

 orbicularis palpebrarum, and expanding as it descends, is 

 attached to the ala of the nose and the surface of the upper 

 lip, where it becomes confounded with the orbicularis oris. 

 The fibres attached to the ala of the nose are often but a 

 small part of the whole number, and few and faint in 

 appearance. 



The LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS PROPRIUS is a quadri- 

 lateral muscle, covered in by a considerable amount of 

 adipose tissue, and partially obscured by the preceding 

 muscle and the orbicularis palpebrarum ; it is a very dis- 

 tinctly characterized muscle, arising from the lower edge 

 of the orbit and the surface of bone beneath, and is 

 inserted into the integument of the upper lip by fibres 

 which become confounded with the orbicularis oris. 



Beneath this muscle will be found the branches of the 

 infra-orbital nerve ; being the terminal filaments of the 

 superior maxillary branch of the fifth pair of cranial 

 nerves ; they emerge at the infra-orbital foramen, and, ex- 

 panding on the side of the nose and upper lip, freely 

 anastomose with branches of the facial nerve. This 

 nerve is accompanied by the infra-orbital vein, and by the 

 terminal branches of the internal maxillary artery, called 

 the infra-orbital; these emerge also at the infra-orbital 



