uci 







THE LIVER. 189 



as the broad ligament does the upper, into its right and left 

 lobes ; the left lobe is comparatively thin and smooth, the 

 right is much thicker; upon it are situated three other 

 lobes, viz. : the lobus Spigelii, caudatus, and quadratus. 



The lobus Spigelii is a triangular-shaped, partially detached lobe, 

 surrounded by fissures, and placed in the middle of the posterior part 

 of the liver. 



The lobus caudatus is a sort of ridge, extending from the lobus 

 Spigelii toward the middle of the right lobe ; it is not usually well 

 defined. 



The lobus quadratus is the portion of the right lobe intervening 

 between the gall-bladder and the fissure of the round ligament, and 

 front of the fissure at which enter the portal vein and hepatic 

 ery. 



The transverse, fissure is the most important of all the fissures of 

 the under surface of the liver ; it occupies nearly the centre of the 

 organ, and is the depression where the portal vein and hepatic artery 

 enter, and the hepatic duct makes its exit. It is sometimes called 

 the hilus, and as being the entrance or porta of the liver, gives a 

 name to the vein which finds admission at this point. The hepatic 

 duct is the most anterior of the vessels of the transverse fissure, the 

 artery is placed next, while the vena portse is the most posterior. 



The longitudinal .fissure, containing the round ligament, joins the 

 transverse nearly at a right angle ; the substance of the liver some- 

 times crosses this fissure, and converts it partially into a canal. 



'Fhejissure of the ductus i^enosus is that portion of the longitudinal 

 fissure posterior to the transverse; it lies between the lobus Spigelii 

 and the left lobe, and contains a rounded cord, continuous with the 

 round ligament, which terminates in the vena cava ; this cord being 

 the obliterated ductus venosus, which, during foetal life, conveys 

 directly to the vena cava a portion of the blood of the umbilical 

 vein. 



The fissure of the vena cava lies between the lobus SpigeJii and the 

 right lobe ; it is occupied by the vena cava, and is sometimes con- 

 verted into a canal. On laying open the vena cava, the orifices of the 

 hepatic reins will be seen, this being the point at which they discharge 

 thfir blood into the general venous circulation. 



Thejinure of the gall-bladder is the fossa in which that receptacle 

 rests. 



From the preceding description, it will be seen that the 

 liver has five lobes, five fissures, five ligaments, and five 

 vessels, which may thus be tabulated: 



Lobes. Fissures. Vessels. Ligaments. 



Right, Transverse, Hepatic Duct, Coronary, 

 Left, Longitudinal, Hepatic Arter3 r , Broad, 



Spigelii, Ductus Yenosns, Hepatic Veins, Right Lateral, 

 C mid at us, Vena Cava, Portal Vein, Left Lateral, 

 Qoadratus. Gall-Bladder. Vena Cava. Round. 



