86 PRACTICAL FORESTRY. 



valuable for planting on the prairies than any of our 

 Eastern species, and among them I would recommend 

 the Heavy-wooded pine (P. ponderosa)> because it seems 

 to be almost indifferent as to soil and location, and I 

 have seen it growing luxuriantly in the most exposed 

 situations in the mountains, among rocks where there 

 was little or no soil in the hardest clay as well as in 

 loose beds of gravel, and this too in regions where thirty 

 degrees below zero in winter is not an uncommon tem- 

 perature. I refer to this pine as one likely to succeed 

 under the most adverse conditions, but there are other 

 native species probably more desirable an account of 

 appearance as well as quality of timber, but we are 

 now seeking trees that will resist winds, drouths, and 

 give the pioneer on the prairie something to cling to, 

 after which the more beautiful and useful among trees 

 may receive attention. 



There are also several other species of pines, spruces, 

 and a red cedar, found in the same regions along with the 

 Heavy-wooded pine, all of which are worth trying as they 

 may succeed perfectly, but in all cases I would advise 

 obtaining seeds or plants from the higher and colder 

 parts of the mountain for planting on the prairies, be- 

 cause those from the warmer and moist valleys would 

 suffer more from the change than those from drier and 

 more exposed positions. There are also several foreign 

 species of pines and other cone-bearing trees that would 

 probably succeed as well, or nearly so, on the prairies as 

 those I have named, but of these I shall have more to 

 say hereafter. 



Those who are about beginning to establish forests, or 

 even limited plantations, should carefully consider the 

 adaptation of trees, not only to climate but soil, for some 

 species succeed only in moist or wet soils, others in dry, 

 while a few may appear to do equally well in both. 

 Then again Certain species only thrive on sand stone forma- 



