FOREST TREES. 117 



said to be true in this country, and while both the hickories 

 and the walnuts are not readily propagated by budding or 

 grafting in the nursery at the North, they are in the South, 

 as many correspondents have assured me. Varieties may, 

 however, be multiplied, by exposing a portion of the roots of 

 the large trees to the air and light, and from the exposed parts 

 sprouts will appear, and when these are two or three feet high 

 may be taken up and transplanted with a section of the parent 

 root attached. 



Carya alba, Nutt. Shell-bark or Shag-bark Hickory. Leaflets 

 five to seven, usually five, lanceolate oblong, the upper three 

 much the largest. Fruit flat or depressed at top, nut white, 

 roundish, or slightly four-angled, with a sharp point at the apex. 

 Thin shelled, and kernel sweet and excellent. Nuts highly 

 prized, and always in demand. Wood heavy, tough, and elastic, 

 highly valued by the manufacturers of agricultural implements, 

 carriages, etc., etc. A large tree, often eighty feet high, and 

 stem two to three feet in diameter. Bark shaggy or scaly. 

 This is not only a noble and valuable forest tree, but a superb 

 ornamental tree, which deserves far more attention than has 

 ever been given it. More or less abundant in all of our North- 

 ern States and the Canadas, and westward to Nebraska. Also oc- 

 casionally found as far south as the northern part of Georgia. 



C. sntlata, Nutt. Western Shell-bark and Thick Shell-bark 

 Hickory. Leaflets seven to nine, obovate-oblong, slightly 

 downy beneath. Fruit very large, oval, somewhat four-angled 

 above. Nut oblong, dull white or yellowish, with a point on both 

 ends, as shown in figure 28, which is of the exact and an aver- 

 age size of some nuts of this species I received from Ohio. The 

 shell is also very thick, as shown in a cross section of the same 

 nut, figure 29. The kernel, although small in proportion to the 

 size of the nut, is sweet-tasted and good. A large tree, with 

 a rough bark somewhat scaly. Wood heavy, tough, and excel- 

 lent, but the heart-wood is more like that of the next species 

 than that of the last. A more common tree west of the Alle- 

 ghanies than east of them, but was formerly quite abundant in 

 Western New York and southward through Pennsylvania to 

 North Carolina. 



( . loiiioiitosa, Nutt. Mocker-nut, White-heart Hickory. -Leaflets 

 seven to nine, mostly seven, large, oblong-ovate, sharp pointed, 

 lower surface downy when young. Fruit large, round, usually 

 with very thick, hard husk. An exceedingly variable species. 



