140 PRACTICAL FOEESTB5T. 



wedge-obovate serrate, and slightly lobed above the middle, 

 tapering into a short petiole. Flowers in small clusters or soli- 

 tary. Fruit quite large, round, or pear-shaped, yellow or green- 

 ish yellow, sometimes tinged or spotted with red, and pleasant 

 flavored. A tree twenty feet high, from Virginia, south and 

 west. 



C. rivnlaris, Nutt. River Hawthorn. Leaves ovate, or oblong- 

 ovate, contracted at the base into a short, slender petiole, irregu- 

 lar serrate, but rarely divided or lobed. Flowers small, few in 

 a cluster. Fruit small, black, and of insipid taste. A small 

 tree, seldom twenty feet high. California and northward, and 

 east to Montana. 



C. spathnlata, Michx. Spatula-leaved Thorn. Leaves small, 

 spatulate or broadest above, narrowing at the base, those on the 

 young, downy branches, somewhat cut or lobed. Flowers in 

 large clusters. Fruit very small, red. A small tree, scarcely 

 twenty feet high. Virginia and southward. 



C. subvillosa, Schrader. Soft-leaved Thorn. Leaves round- 

 ish, soft, downy, not tapering, but often heart-shaped and 

 double-toothed. Flowers large and abundant. Fruit about a 

 half inch in diameter, dull red and of an insipid flavor. West- 

 ern States and South. A small tree. 



C. tomentosa, L. Black or Pear Hawthorn. Leaves soft, 

 downy when young, becoming smooth with age, three to five 

 inches long, oval or obovate, and but slightly lobed. Flowers 

 large, often an inch broad. Fruit very large, nearly or quite 

 an inch long, red or orange yellow, very variable in flavor, 

 sometimes sweet, and that of other trees sprightly sub-acid. I 

 have eaten varieties of this fruit in Western New York, also in 

 Wisconsin, and other localities in the West that were really 

 delicious. There are many and widely variable natural varie- 

 ties. A shrub or tree of thirty feet high. Vermont, westward 

 to Wisconsin and Iowa, and southward to Georgia. 



C. parvifolia, Ait. Small-leaved Thorn. Leaves only about 

 an inch long, obovate-serrate, with very short stalk ; spines 

 numerous, long and slender. Flowers mostly solitary Fruit 

 large, round or pear-shaped, greenish-yellow. A small shrub 

 four to six feet high, in pine-barrens from New York south- 

 ward. 



There are many exotic species, all with one exception are 

 natives of Northern Asia, Europe, and North America. The 



