158 PRACTICAL FORESTRY. 



the latitude of New York City, except in protected situations. 

 I have specimens in my own grounds standing on the south 

 side of Arbor Vitaes and other positions, where they are shield- 

 ed from north-west winds, that have never been injured, but 

 others not a hundred feet distant, are often badly browned in 

 winter. Our American Holly is well worthy of more extended 

 cultivation than it has ever received, and should be planted as 

 an under-shrub in forests, wherever the climate will permit. 

 The seed should be stored in moist earth or sand for one year 

 before sowing, for if sown as soon as gathered, they will not 

 sprout until the second year. The Hollies are readily propagated 

 by grafting in spring, or budding in the latter part of summer. 

 The weak-growing or dwarf species and varieties being worked 

 on the strong. 



I. Cassine, L. Yaupon Holly. Leaves small, one-half to an 

 inch long, oval or oblong, with the edges scalloped into rounded 

 teeth. Fruit very abundant, and in clusters. The leaves of 

 this species are sometimes used as a substitute for genuine tea, 

 and are known in the South as Yaupon tea. A small shrub, 

 only eight to ten feet high, in sandy soils from North Carolina 

 southward. 



I. glabra, Gray. Common Inkberry. Leaves smooth, wedge 

 oblong or obovate, slightly toothed near the apex. Fruit small, 

 black. A small shrub along the coast of New England, New 

 Jersey, and southward to Florida. 



I. coriapea, Piinos coiiarea, Ell. Leaves somewhat like the 

 last, but with sharp scattered teeth on the margin. A small 

 shrub in wet places in the South. 



We also have some four or five deciduous species of the Hex 

 or Prinos of some botanists, but all are shrubs, mostly frequent- 

 ing swamps and low grounds. The I. verticillata, Gray, is 

 known as Black Alder or Winterberry, the bright scarlet ber- 

 ries in autumn and early winter make this shrub a very con- 

 spicuous object in swamps and low grounds in our Northern 

 as well as Southern States. 



JUGLAKS, Linn. Butternuts, Walnuts. 

 In species this genus is quite restricted, there being but one 

 indigenous to the eastern hemisphere, and four to the western, 

 and all these natives of the United States. They are large trees 

 with one exception, bearing edible nuts, some of which are 

 highly prized and extensively cultivated. Flowers similar to 



