254 PRACTICAL FORESTRY. 



PSEUDOTSUG A. Carriere. 



A genus of a single species, intermediate between the Firs 

 and Hemlocks. The flowers appear from the axils of last year's 

 leaves. Male flowers in an oblong or subcylindrical stamineal 

 column, surrounded and partly enclosed in bud scales. Female 

 flowers with scales much shorter than the long-pointed bracts. 

 Cones mature the first season, with persistent protruding bracts. 



Psendotsnga Donglassi, Carr. Douglass Spruce. Leaves linear, 

 distinctly petioled, mostly blunt or rounded, nearly an inch 

 long on old trees, but a little longer on young, thrifty speci- 

 mens. Cones two to three inches long, subcylindrical bracts 

 more or less protruding and reflexed. Seeds triangular, convex 

 on the upper side and reddish ; on the lower, flat and white. A 

 gigantic tree, two to three hundred feet high, and eight to fif- 

 teen feet in diameter, with thick, brown, deeply fissured bark. 

 Wood reddish or yellow, coarse-grained, heavy and strong, and 

 considered very valuable. Oregon, and throughout the Coast 

 Ranges, into Mexico. One of the largest and most important 

 timber trees in the West. Var. macrocarpa, Engelm., has 

 smaller and more acute leaves, and the tree does not grow to as 

 large size as the species. It occurs in the foot hills of the San 

 Bernardino Mountains, California. 



TSUGA, Carriereo Hemlock Spruce. 



A genus of five species, one in the Atlantic States, two in 

 Western North America, and two in Asia. Male flower a 

 sub-globose cluster of stamens, appearing from the axils of last 

 year's leaves. Female catkins terminal on last year's twigs, 

 with bracts somewhat shorter than the scales. Large trees, 

 with very slender drooping terminal branches. 



Tsuga Canadensis, Michx. Hemlock. Leaves linear, a half inch 

 long, flat, obtuse, dark green above and whitish beneath. 

 Cones three-quarters of an inch long, oval, composed of a few 

 roundish, oblong, thin scales. Seeds quite small, with thin 

 wings. A large and most graceful tree, with a light spreading 

 spray of delicate foliage. It grows to the hight of nearly a 

 hundred feet, with stem three to six feet in diameter. Wood 

 light-colored, very coarse-grained, but extensively employed for 

 roof boards and sheathing, as it holds a nail well, also for joists 

 and smaller timber used in buildings. It is inferior in quality 

 to that of the Pines and Spruces, still it is so abundant and 

 cheap that it is largely used for the purposes named. The bark 



