V.] SIWALIK FAUNA. 203 



includes a member of the otter-like genus Enhydriodon, the other 

 species being from the Italian Miocene. Among the most 

 remarkable features of the Siwalik Carnivora is the survival of 

 a species of Hycenodon, of which the remains have been discovered 

 in the Punjab. 



The Rodentia are but very imperfectly known. They include 

 a representative of the bamboo-rats (Rhizomys), which are now 

 exclusively Oriental, and belong to the family Spalacida; and, 

 among the Muridce, a species of Nesocia, which genus is likewise 

 confined to the Oriental region. The other forms are a porcupine 

 (Hystrix] and a hare (Lepus). 



A very long list is presented by the ungulates, which are 

 numerous not only in generic, but likewise in specific types. The 

 pig-like artiodactyles include, among the family Suidce. several 

 representatives of the true pigs (Sus), some of which attained 

 gigantic dimensions, while others are remarkable for the complex 

 structure of their molar teeth, which show a marked resemblance 

 to those of the existing Ethiopian wart-hogs (Phacochczrus). A 

 still more elaborate structure is displayed by the corresponding 

 teeth of the allied genus Hippohyus, which is peculiar to this 

 fauna ; and the family is also represented by species of the 

 European Miocene genera Hyotherium and Listriodon, the remains 

 of the two latter being mostly obtained from the Punjab and 

 districts to the west. The same areas are mainly those which 

 have yielded remains of Anthracotheriidcz, although some of these 

 have been discovered in Sylhet. In this family we have species of 

 the European genera Anthracotherium and Ancodus, the former of 



FlG. 46. RIGHT UPPER MOLAR OF A SMALL SPECIES OF Merycopotamns. 



which is elsewhere unknown above the Middle Oligocene; and 

 there are also three peculiar types, respectively known as Meryco- 

 potamus, Hemimeryx, and Chctromeryx, differing from all the rest 



