VIII.] SUB-REGIONS. 267 



iv. Burmese. All Burma except south Tenasserim, and with the 



addition of Assam and the intervening countries, 

 v. Malayan. South Tenasserim, the Malay Peninsula, and the 



Malayan Islands as far as Wallace's line. 

 Whether the Philippine Islands should be included in this 



sub-region, or should form one by themselves, may be 



doubtful, 

 vi. Indo-Chinese. Although not free from objection, this term 



may be employed for the sub-region indicated by that 



portion of China coming within the limits of the Oriental 



region. 



Regarding these sub-regions in general, Dr Blanford observes 

 that some " may require further subdivision. Thus the fauna of 

 the North-west Provinces and Punjab differs considerably from 

 that of southern India, and both areas exhibit zoological dis- 

 tinctions from the forest-clad tracts of south-western Bengal. 

 There is also much difference between the animals of Pegu and 

 Arakan, on the one hand, and those of the drier regions of upper 

 Burma on the other ; and even greater distinctions may be traced 

 between those found in the sub-tropical and those inhabiting the 

 temperate regions of the Himalaya. On the other hand, the sub- 

 tropical Himalayas were united with the Burmese sub-region by 

 Wallace, and the two are, perhaps, zoologically more allied to 

 each other than to any other sub-region." 



Recent discoveries clearly indicate that the Philippine Islands, 

 exclusive of Palawan and the Calamianes, should form a sub-region 

 by themselves. 



Taking the Oriental region as a whole, it may be stated that 

 the number of peculiar generic types of mammals is 

 less than in the case of the Ethiopian; and that 

 there are but two families absolutely confined to it, 

 although a third is very nearly so. While sharing 

 with the Ethiopian region the want of several groups of insectivores 

 and rodents, such as the typical shrews (Sorex), marmots (Arcto- 

 mys), and voles (Microtus), it lacks some of the other deficiencies 

 of that region, true pigs (Sus) and deer being abundant, although 

 the latter belong to groups distinct from those of the Holarctic 

 region, while bears, belonging to two genera, are likewise met 



