IX.] EASTERN PLISTOCENE FAUNA. 331 



type of Plistocene fauna, England being apparently somewhere 

 near the border-line where the two met, and, at times at least, 

 overlapped each other. Probably all or nearly all of the living 

 European mammals were in existence at the same time ; but most 

 of these need not be referred to here, attention being concentrated 

 on those which are either extinct, or are now inhabitants of other 

 regions or districts. The following list includes the more im- 

 portant of these forms ; those which are decidedly northern types 

 being indicated by a *, and those which appear essentially southern 

 with a f. The scientific names of extinct species and genera are 

 printed in italic, and of those still living in ordinary type. 



Primates. 



t Barbary Ape. Macacus inuus. 

 f ,, ,, pliocenus. England. 



f ,, suevicus. Switzerland. 



f ,, ,, tolosanus. France. 



Carnivora. 



fLion. Felis leo. 

 f Kafir Cat. Felis caffra. 

 t Sabre-tooth. Machcerodus latidens. 

 f Spotted Hyaena. Hyaena crocuta. 

 t Striped Hyaena. ,, striata. 



Cave Bear. Ursus spelceus. 



* Arctic Fox. Canis lagopus. 

 European Wild Dog. ,, (Cyon) europ&us. 



Hunting Dog. Lycaon anglicus. England. 



* Wolverene. Gulo luscus. 



Rodentia. 



t Maltese Squirrel. Leithia melitensis\ 



* Giant Beaver. Trogontherium cuvieri, 



* Northern Vole. Microtus rutilus. 

 Sardinian Pica. Lagomys sardus. 



1 Originally described as a gigantic dormouse, but shown by the writer in a 

 communication to the Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 1895, p. 860, to be 

 allied to the Sciurida. 



