BOOK VIII. 



301 



end it is closed up with a board, also lower than the sides of the buddle so 

 that the water can flow away ; this water falls into a launder and is carried 

 outside the building. In this simple buddle is washed the metallic material 

 which has passed on to the floor of the works through the five large sieves. 

 When this has been gathered into a heap, the washer throws it into the head 

 of the buddle, and water is poured upon it through the pipe or small trough, 

 and the portion which sinks and settles in the middle of the head compart- 

 ment he stirs with a wooden scrubber, this is what we will henceforth call 

 the implement made of a stick to which is fixed a piece of wood a foot long 

 and a palm broad. The water is made turbid by this stirring, and carries 

 the mud and sand and small particles of metal into the buddle below. 

 Together with the broken rock, the larger metallic particles remain in the 

 head compartment, and when these have been removed, boys throw them upon 

 the platform of a washing tank or the short strake, and separate them from 

 the broken rock. When the buddle is full of mud and sand, the washer closes 

 the pipe through which the water flows into the head ; very soon the 

 water which remains in the buddle flows away, and when this has taken 



A HEAD OF BUDDLE. B PIPE. C BUDDLE. D BOARD. E TRANSVERSE BUDDLE. 



F SHOVEL. G SCRUBBER. 



22 



