ANATOMY. 



tranches of the internal iliac artery. 



1. Ileo-lumbar artery. 



2. Lateral sacral arteries. 



3. Vesical arteries. 



4. Middle hemorrhoidal. 



5. Uterine branch. 



6. Obturator artery. 



7. Gluteal artery. 



8. Ischiatic artery. 



9. Pudendal artery. 



a. External hemorrhoids! branches. 



b. Artery of the perineum. 



c. Dorsal artery of the penis. 



d. Deep artery of the pen's. 



The external iliac artery having chang- 

 ed its name for that of femoral, runs along 

 the front of the thigh, and then bends in- 

 wards to ihe ham ; where it takes the 

 name of popliteal. It passes through the 

 latter space to the leg, when it terminates 

 by dividing 1 into two, of which one runs 

 along '.he front, and the other the back 

 of the leg. 



Branches of the external iliac artery. 



1. Epigastric artery. 



2. Circumflex artery of the ilium. 



Branches of the femoral artery. 



1. Branches to the lymphatic glands, 

 and integuments. 



2. External pudic arteries. 



3. Deep-seated artery of the thigh, 

 a. External circumflex artery. 



d. Internal circumflex artery. 

 c. First and second perforating 

 branches. 



4. Branches to the neighbouring mus- 

 cles. 



5. Great anastomosing branch. 



Branches of the popliteal artery. 



1. Superior internal articular artery. 



2. Superior external articular artery. 



3. Middle articular artery. 



4. Inferior internal articular artery. 



5. Inferior external articular artery. 



6. Anterior tibial artery. 

 7- Posterior tibiai artery. 



Branches of the anterior tibial artery. 



1. Recurrent branch. 



2. Various small muscular branches. 



3. External and internal malleolar arte- 

 ries. 



4. Tarsal and metatarsal arteries. 



5. Dorsal! s hnlli<-is. 



Branches of the posterior tiliial <i. i 



1. Large muscular branches to the so- 

 leus. 



2. Medullary artery of the tibia. 



3. Peroneal'or fibuiar artery. 



a. Anterior branch. 



b. Posterior branch. 



4. External plantar artery. 

 a. Four digital arteries. 



5. Internal plantar artery. 



There is another large arterial trunk in 

 the body, besides the aorta, called the 

 pulmonary artery; this rises from the 

 right ventricle, and conveys the venous 

 blood to the lungs, for the purposes ot" 

 respiration. 



OTTHE VEINS. 



The blood is constantly moving in the 

 arteries from the trunks into the branches; 

 in the veins it follows a directly opposite 

 course, and flows from the branches to 

 the trunks. 



There are seven large venous trunks in 

 the body, to which all the blood is return- 

 ed ; three of these, viz. the superior and 

 inferior venacava, and the coronary vein 

 of the heart, return the blood, which has 

 circulated through the body into the right 

 auricle of the heart ; the other four are 

 the pulmonary veins, and bring the blood 

 back from the lungs to the left auricle. 



The coats of the veins are thin when 

 compared with those of the arteries ; 

 hence the blood can generally be plainly 

 seen through them; and hence when di- 

 vided they collapse, instead of presenting 

 a circular section, as arteries do. It is 

 difficult to separate them into coats, yet 

 they are said to consist of two ; viz. a 

 smooth and highly polished internal one, 

 which lines the canal ; and a rough, cel- 

 lular external tunic, in which no muscular 

 power resides. Hence the circulation 

 proceeds through these vessels merely by 

 the impulse of the arterial blood, and is 

 not aided by any action of the containing 

 tubes. 



The veins are much more numerous, 

 and also larger than the arteries. In most 

 parts of the body each artery has two 

 veins lying by its side ; and in many in- 

 stances there is another numerous set of 

 veins besides these. Hence the venous 

 system is much more capacious than the 

 arterial ; and this difference is so great, 

 that the veins are suppossad to contain 

 nine parts out of thirteen of the whole 

 mass of blood. This great capacity of the 

 venous system obviates the effects of any 



