AND 



AXE 



case the adversary's piece were to be 

 taken, it was first seized in the manner 

 here described, and carried clear oft' the 

 board and dropped, and the subsequent 

 move then made into the empty square. 

 After the game was played, the Baron 

 Kempelin gave the figure a knight, and it 

 moved the piece insuccession,withoutany 

 pause, by the proper course, till it had 

 passed every square in the board, as was 

 shewn by an assistant placing a counter 

 on each square, as the knight quitted it. 



What can be deduced from so slight and 

 transient a public view of this apparatus? 

 very little. It seems as if the greatest 

 skill had been exerted in producing the 

 mechanical effects, and that the communi- 

 cation of the player (Anthon) with the ap- 

 paratus may be a riddle of no great depth. 

 The sixteen pulls from the ban-el m ay- 

 bear some relation to the eight rows of 

 squares, twice taken forthe two sides, the 

 white and the black ; and as the moves 

 are all reducible to those of the castle of 

 the bishop, from which they differ in ex- 

 tent of shift only, (except that of the 

 knight, which is an immediate combina- 

 tion of both,) we may guess that the pull 

 might determine the line to be played in, 

 and the quadrant the distance from the 

 back row. But it is useless to extend our 

 conjectures, with such scanty means. 



The same Baron Kempelin exhibited, 

 in his private parlour, a small speaking in- 

 strument or organ, which he said was not 

 then in a finished state. It was a kind of 

 box, which he brought out and placed 

 upon a table. Speaking without notes 

 from the recollection of four and twenty 

 years now elapsed, I judge its dimensions 

 were about two feet in length, one foot 

 wide, and eight or nine inches deep. It 

 was open; but we were prevented from 

 seeing the inside by a cloth put over it. 

 The Baron put his hands under the cloth, 

 so that his right arm was disposed longitu- 

 dinally in the box, and seemed to press a 

 pair of bellows : the other hand was put 

 in crosswise at the end, near the place of 

 the right hand, and seemed to be employ- 

 ed w th keys, or some apparatus, or per- 

 haps both hands may have been so em- 

 ployed. When he made the instrument 

 speak, he raised his right elbow, and gra- 

 dually pressing it down, the sound was 

 heard. It was monotonous, as if from a 

 single pipe, about the pitch of D, above 

 the middle C, concert pitch ; and the 

 words papa and mama were uttered very 

 distinctly, in a slow drawling manner; that 

 is to say, there was a want of the usual 

 inflections of tone, and the sound fell off 

 in intensity towards the end. After seve- 



ral other words had beer, spoken, a lady 

 asked in French, if it could not speak 

 sentences, and the Baron asked what it 

 should say. She answered " Qite je svis 

 mechanic" and the instrument said " Vous 

 etes mechante, mais rmis etes aiissi bonne" 



Kratzenstein has given some account of 

 the principles of an engine of this kind, 

 in a work extracted in the Journal de 

 Physique : and Dr. Young has cursorily 

 mentioned this subject in his lectures, 

 with some diagrams. 



ANDROMEDA, in astronomy, a small 

 northern constellation, consisting of twen- 

 ty-seven stars, visible to the naked eye, 

 behind Pegasus, Cassiopiea, and Perseus. 

 The number of stars placed in this con- 

 stellation by Ptolemy is 27; by Tycho 

 Brahe 23 ; by Hevelius 47 ; and by Flam- 

 stead 66. The constellation has been 

 thought to resemble a woman almost na- 

 ked, with her feet at a distance from each 

 other, and her arms extended and chained. 



AXDUOMEDA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Decandria Monogynia class of plants ; 

 the calyx of which is a very small acute 

 coloured and permanent perianthium, cut 

 into five segments ; the corolla consists 

 of a single petal, of an oval form, inflated 

 and quinquefid; the fruit is a roundish 

 capsule, containing five cells, in which 

 are several roundish shining seeds. There 

 are 25 species. 



ANDROPOGON, in botany, a genus of 

 the Polygamia Monoecia class of plants, 

 the calyx of which is a bivalve, oblong-, 

 obtuse glume ; the corolla is also a bi- 

 valve glume, smaller and thinner than the 

 cup ; there is no pericarpium ; the seed, 

 which is single, oblong, covered, and arm- 

 ed with the arista of the flower, is includ- 

 ed in the glumes of the calyx and corolla. 

 There are 32 species. 



ANEMOMETER, among mechanical 

 philosophers, an instrument contrived for 

 measuring the strength of the wind. 

 There are various kinds of anemometers ; 

 that of which Wolfius gives the structure 

 is moved by sails like those of a v ind- 

 mill. He experienced, he says, the good- 

 ness of it, and affirms that the inward 

 structure may be preserved to measure 

 even the force of running water, or that 

 of men and horses when they draw. In 

 the memoirs of the academy of sciences 

 is described a new anemometer, winch 

 expresses on paper, not only tli several 

 winds that have blown during the space 

 of the last 24 hours, but also the strength 

 and velocity of each. In the Ph'!..sophi- 

 cul Transactions for the year 1766, Mr. 

 Brice has described a method of measur- 

 ing" the velocity of the wind, by means of 



