ANI 



ANI 



f. Glands 



8. Brain and nerves 



9. Hair and feathers 



10. Silk and similar bodies. 



Besides these substances, which con- 

 stitute the solid part of the bodies of ani- 

 mals, there are a number of fluids, the 

 most important of which is the blood, 

 which pervades every part of the system 

 in all the larger animals : the rest are 

 known by the name of secretions, because 

 they are formed, or secreted, as the ana- 

 tomists term it, from the blood. The 

 Erincipal animal secretions are the fol- 

 >wing : 



1. Milk 



2. Eggs 



3. Saliva 



4. Pancreatic juice 



5. Bile 



6. Cerumen 



7. Tears 



8. Liquor of the pericardium 



9. Humours of the eye 



10. Mucus of the nose, &c. 



11. Sinovia 



12. Semen 



13. Liquor of the amnios 



14. Poisonous secretions. 



Various substances are separated either 

 from the blood or the food, on purpose to 

 be afterwards thrown out of the body as 

 useless or hurtful. These are called ex- 

 cretions. The most important of them 

 are, 



1. Urine. 



2. Fxces. 



Besides the liquids which are secreted 

 for the different purposes of healthy ani- 

 mals, there are others which make their 

 appearance only during disease, and 

 which may therefore be called morbid 

 secretions. The most important of these 

 are the following : 



1. Pus 



2. The liquor of dropsy 



3. The liquor of blisters. 



To these we must add several solid bo- 

 dies, which are occasionally formed in 

 different cavities, in consequence of the 

 diseased action of the parts. They may 

 be called morbid concretions. The most 

 remarkable of them are the following : 



1. Salivary calculi 



2. Concretions in the lungs, liver, 



brain, &c. 



3. Intestinal calculi 



4. Biliary calculi 



5. Urinary calculi 



6. Gouty calculi. 



ANIMAL substances, or those which 

 have hitherto been detected in the animal 

 kingdom, and of which the different parts 

 of animals, as far as these have been ana- 

 lysed, are found to be composed, may be 

 arranged under the following heads : 



1. Gelatine 



2. Albumen 



3. Mucus 



4. Fibrin 



5. Urea 



6. Saccharine matter 



7. Oils 



8. Resins 



9. Sulphur 



10. Phosphorus 



11. Acids 



12. Alkalies 



13. Earths 



14. Metals. 



Seethe several articles in their alphabe- 

 tical order. 



ANIMAL, functions of. See ASSIMILA- 

 TION, DIGESTION, PERSPIRATION, RESPI- 

 RATION, 8cc. 



ANIMALS, generation of. See the arti- 

 cle GENERATION. 



ANIMALS, in heraldry, are much used, 

 both as bearings and supporters. It is to 

 be observed, that in blazoning, animals 

 must be interpreted in the best s^nse, 

 and so as to redound to the greatest ho- 

 nour of the bearers. For exam pie, the fox 

 being renowned for wit, and likewise giv- 

 en to niching for his prey ; if this be the 

 charge of an escutcheon, we must con- 

 ceive the quality represented to be his 

 wit, and not his theft. All beasts must be 

 figured in their most noble action ; as a 

 lion rampant, a leopard or wolf passant, a 

 horse running or vaulting, a greyhound 

 coursing, a deer tripping, and a lamb go- 

 ing with a smooth pace. In like manner, 

 every animal must be moving and looking 

 to the right side of the shield, the right 

 foot being placed foremost. These are 

 the precepts given by Guillim,and yet we 

 find that there are lions passant, couchant, 

 and dormant, as well as rampant. 



ANIMALCULE, an animal so minute 

 in its size, as not to be the immediate ob- 

 ject of our senses. 



Animalcules are usually divided into 

 two distinct sections, visible, and micro- 

 scopical. The first, though visible, can- 

 not be accurarely discerned without the 

 help of glasses : the second are discover- 



